By Martin M. LeWinter, Hiroyuki Suga, Matthew W. Watkins
Most of the development in cardiac energetics in recent times has been spurred through the pressure-volume quarter thought, the typical extension into energetics of prior pioneering paintings delineating the time-varying elastance framework for ventricular contraction. The booklet attracts jointly a extensive spectrum of researchers - simple, utilized and scientific - having a shared curiosity within the energetics of cardiac muscle and ventricle, offering an outline of the present country of the art.
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Sample text
Stennett, Donna Zwas, Kazuhide Ogino and James P. Morgan INTRODUCTION The course of research in cardiovascular physiology has been influenced greatly by the time-varying elastance [E(t)] theory of ventricular contraction which was introduced in the early 1970's (1). In principle, the E(t) function describes the time variations in instantaneous ventricular volwne-elastance during a beat and was proposed as a load-independent characterization of dynamic ventricular pwnp properties. Additionally, the value of E(t) at end systole (E es), which is the slope of the end-systolic pressure-volwne relationship (ESPVR).
O ~ .. -.. S Q. 6 o 1-. « ~ • • '0-:-:::' III Q. ~ ~ ::t. 4 6 control rabbit • .. hyperthyroid rabbit + N co U /. 2 • cardiomyopathic hamster o 20 40 60 80 tOO myosin a-heavy chain isozyme (%) Fig. 3. Relationship between Ca++ -activated ATPase activity and myosin isoform composition. 22 range of %ex -MHC for hamster myosin was limited, we cannot be sure whether the relation between %ex -MHC and velocity falls on the same relation for rabbit myosin; 2) Although there was a strong positive correlation, the relation is not necessarily linear.
2. Left: LV ESPVRs measured from isolated canine heart under ejecting and isovolumic conditions. Right: model ventricle behaves same way in response to the load change. o Isovolumic Ejecting 0 0 ° .......... 15 0 .... :0 .... , (/) ...... ) E r--.. 30 ::J .......... 05 /" a - Arbitrary intercept 1000 2000 3000 PVA (mmHg·ml) Fig. 3. Left: mV02-PVA relationship from isolated heart under isovolumic and ejecting conditions. Right: energetics of model LV responds the same way to the change in load.